Terrorism Essay - 2959 Words

Terrorism 1)nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It is very difficult to resolve the international problem of terrorism for several major reasons. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Terrorists usually dont claim responsibility for their actions until the fuse is lit, its not a case of Jack The Ripper sending an ear to the cops and warning them who his next victim will be. Terrorists usually do claim responsibility for their actions after the media is aware that something happened, this gains recognition for their cause, which is often the reason they resort to terrorism in the first place. These groups are often underground and individuals rarely step forward, how can you arrest an entire group that you cant touch?†¦show more content†¦Hitlers methods and ideologies have made him one of the most feared and hated men in history. Stalin also used acts of terrorism on his people. His death squads that patrolled the streets at night and annihilated the homeless was supposedly done for a good cause. I think that is very questionable. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Negotiating with terrorists can also be bewildering. Recently Prime Minister John Major of Britain and Prime Minister John Bruton of Ireland were engaging in peace talks with the Irish political party Sinn Fein. Sinn Fein is the oldest Irish political party and has been striving for the independence of Ireland for years. They were founded in 1905 and have representatives in every major Irish town, they are considered to be the political wing of the Irish Republican Army. Sinn Fein claims to have genuinely sought after peace but continuing British bad faith has caused the IRA to act. The British deny these accusations of bad faith and became puzzled when the IRA broke a long standing cease fire with a bombing in the urban center of Manchester. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Negotiations can be impossible in the case of suicide bombers. Many Japanese Cults can not be traced. Though their agents are always caught, they can never be questioned. Suicide is deemed heroic by the Japanese, the Japanese cult Aum Supreme Truth used sarin nerve gas on a Tokyo subway to cause terror, other previous Japanese cults have committedShow MoreRelatedTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism1326 Words   |  6 Pagesallowing terrorism to be successful and continue. Terrorists gain power through the common, innocent people they attack. How the world responds to terrorist attacks determines whether or not terrorism will cease. The common people’s response to terrorism, the interest of the state, and the media’s role in terrorism all aide to terrorism’s success and its continuation in the future. How people willingly choose to respond to terrorist attacks defines terrorism and determines if terrorism will continueRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism1035 Words   |  5 PagesOver the past Century, terrorism has advanced from random killings to enormous plans for terrorist groups. To understand terrorism you must first define it. Terrorism as we all know it is hard to define and understand, and has many different definitions as it is used widely. The word terrorism stems from the word terror, which means to instill fear in. People become terrorists when they take the actions towards instilling fear and terror upon people to prove a certain point or agenda. Some terroristsRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism1626 Words   |  7 PagesTerrorism can be categorized as â€Å"the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as means to create terror, or fear, to achieve a political, religious, or ideological aim (Fortna).† Although there is no formal definiti on of terrorism, we typically associate the words terrorism and terrorists with acts of violence that are used unlawfully to intimidate in pursuance of political gain. Terrorists do not act at random, but rather use violence to maximize on fear and publicity with a specific goal inRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism1126 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism Have you ever had a fear for your family, your town, your country, or your world. How about the fear to have everything taken from you, destroyed, and not caring if it has hurt you or not? What about your fear and pain is, and can be someone else’s happiness? The fear of you being terrorized? That is terrorism. Someone else bringing fear and terrorizing you. That is a terrorist’s goal. Terrorism is common and is very difficult to stop. The government promises protection for the peopleRead MoreTerrorism And Terrorism : Terrorism1231 Words   |  5 Pages Terrorism is a common term used in the media and news everyday, especially in the United States. We are in a constant battle against ‘terrorism’, â€Å"Counterterrorism has to be woven into the everyday workings of every department. It should be included on the agenda of every meeting†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Kelling Bratton, 2006). Terrorism and How to Respond All terrorism is criminal but not all criminals are terrorists. Terrorism unlike most crimes has a political agenda behind it. Many terrorists are involved withRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism851 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorist attacks are major threats that could occur in any nation. Terrorism is one of those things that can happen at any time. It will strike in small, medium and large cities. Although we will never be able to remove all risk from terrorism, we can definitely reduce the risk through hazard mitigation and disaster preparedness (GBRA, 2011). To better understand terrorism we need to know what it is. Terrorism can be defined as the use of force or violence against persons or property in violationRead MoreTerrorism : Terrorism And Terrorism1377 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism in Sudan In the past, Sudan had been designated as a State Sponsor of Terrorism regarding support for international terrorist groups. However, Sudan has changed its approach ever since the 9/11 attacks has been aiding the United States in diminishing the pervasiveness of terrorist groups in Sudan, and in the world. Recently, Sudan has remained cooperative with the United States in its war on counter terrorism. Sudan has taken many preventive measures to keep these terrorist groups outRead MoreThe Effects Of Terrorism On Terrorism And Terrorism944 Words   |  4 PagesEffects of Terrorism â€Å"The history of terrorism is a history of well-known and historically significant individuals, entities, and incidents associated, whether rightly or wrongly, with terrorism,† (History of Terrorism). The history of terrorism is a long bloody road. One of the bloodiest of acts of terrorism in the early years, was the reign of terror. In which, the Jacobin leader, Maximilien Robespierre, executed 40,000 people. Newspapers coined the word â€Å"Terrorism† as a way of describing RobespierreRead MoreTerrorism Between Terrorism And Terrorism1207 Words   |  5 PagesQuestion † What trends are evident in terrorism over the past 5 years? How have these trends impacted on the ways in which counter terrorism has responded in the Australian context? Introduction Terrorism poses a serious security challenge to the Australia and globally as it prevalence has increased over a decade although less attacks occur in the Western nations. The purpose of this assignment is to examine what trends and terrorist tactics are evident internationally over the past 5 years andRead MoreTerrorism Between Terrorism And Terrorism2012 Words   |  9 PagesTerrorism has played a brutal and alarming role in societies across the world. Many nations have been confronted with the need to develop solutions in the wake of tragedies caused by terrorism. Unfortunately, terrorist organizations are still operating and terrorist acts have continued. Many questions that have still gone unanswered despite careful study, but governments are finding some relief when collaborating with anti-terrorism organizations (Fischer, 2002). Terrorists have struck almost everywhere

Academic Topics for Presentation Features

Academic Topics for Presentation Features Academic Topics for Presentation - What Is It? Better do not speak on the points which you do not feel comfortable to speak about. Once you choose this issue, you've got to center on the principal points of the speech. How to discover funny speech topics in one day. The conversation will cause a deep topic people value. You don't need to provide all the answers. The question could be part of your introduction, or it may make a good title. You'll be requested to answer a few questions related to your presentation. Most Noticeable Academic Topics for Presentation Keep the prose nice and clear. Anyway, a firmly humorous speech intends to create the audience laugh. It's much east to speak about humor when you're in a humorous mood. Thinking up interesting speech topics is similar to attempting to learn something new. Primary and secondary sources may be used. Inside of this column, you are going to learn about a few funny public speaking topics that will make it possible for you to mesmerize and make audiences laugh. All these funny public speaking topics may be the inspiration of a good speech. Where to Find Academic Topics for Presentation Again, you have to face the fact that sooner or later, you're going to be made to compose a research paper. Next step would need to be data gathering. The previous region of the research paper would need to be the presentation of the findings followed by the limitation of the analysis and recommendations for future studies on the subject. The very first step in writing a research paper will need to be choosing your topic. The Honest to Goodness Truth on Academic Topics for Presentation Filled with lots of infographics, unique slides, and typography you're guarantee d to get the perfect style for your next presentation. Topics of the research might vary greatly. Now you get your presentation in check. With its simple appearance and distinctive layout, you are certain to make that ideal presentation for this deadline coming soon. The New Fuss About Academic Topics for Presentation Think of how you'll visualize every one of the vital points and supporting messages. Take into consideration the important message you want to get across. Why every second person wants a dentist. Tell me about the most fascinating person that you've ever met. The Nuiances of Academic Topics for Presentation For instance, state beforehand the key points you are likely to consider, then deal with them, and finally offer a brief overview of the points you considered. Choose distant locations only in the event that you are in possession of a minimal budget. In reality, you can select any of them because the alternative of topic is just 50% of succeeding. Gambl ing shouldn't be abolished, because it isn't harmful and encourages tourism. For many students, the thought of giving a presentation is a nerve-wracking notion, as you'll be speaking to a huge group of individuals who will be judging your performance. As a college or university student, you'll need to write numerous presentations in the span of acquiring your degree. On-line education is merely as fantastic as classroom learning. All seminars will be run in combination with the University Counseling Center. All About Academic Topics for Presentation A wide selection of choices are sometimes a true problem and you will have to spend a good deal of time choosing the topic rather than working on your presentation. There's no need to inform you hobbies can be immensely varied and exciting. Better think about and produce the list of the things you like talking the most. You're able to discuss the problems and the way you could solve them. Choosing Academic Topics for Presenta tion You might locate a specific topic engaging, but it doesn't guarantee your audience will, and that means you must factor in their prospective response whenever you are looking for academic topics for presentation. You might need to remind the audience later in the presentation in case you haven't employed the acronym much. It is going to be better in the event that you consider and understand your audience. No worse approach to begin your presentation late whenever your audience is all fidgety.

Business Law Public Responsibilit And Ethic â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Business Law Public Responsibilit And Ethics? Answer: Introducation Ethical issues have been the major concern of the organisations in the present time. The business organisations basically face complex situations and struggle to avoid ethical issues. The immediate need of the present situation is to maintain a strict code of conduct and avoid ethical issues. The diverse culture of the business organisation and in the process of their decision-making, compliance governance the ethical issues are identified. The major concern of the business organisation is to follow the strict principles and code of conduct based on the ethics. The management of the organisation requires identifying the facts related to the ethical dilemmas and these issues are required to be assessed in order to define a different course of action so that the companies will not face any difficulties in the process of their governance(Heskett, 2011). The organisation will find the root cause of the issue and will make strategies to resolve the issues. Thus it is imperative to say that appropriate decisions based on the ethical code will help the employees and the management of the organisation to work in a transparent way. The ethical issues will be resolved and the culture of the company will be based on the values and beliefs that will help all the stakeholders to gain benefits. The present report is all about the impact of unethical practices made by Rajaratnam and The Galleon Group. The unethical practices made by Rajaratnam is related to the inside trading that gathered the information of the leading companies across the world. The allegation was on Rajaratnam for collecting the inside information bribing the employee of Intel Corporation. The inside trading affected some important companies like IBM, Hilton Hotel, and Google. The immoral way of gathering information caused a huge damage to the companies and on the other hand, Rajaratnam could manage to gather $ 64 billion(Jennings, 2013). The pre-planned unethical activities brought a short-term success to Rajaratnam and his company but in the long run, he lost his credential in the market and he was convicted of the conspiracy of collecting the inside information. He was sentenced to jail and was fined. The unlawful act of Rajaratnam forced the regulators of the law and executives and the governance to remain vigilant to all the activities in the organisations. The unlawful activities also affected on the trust of the customers, the employees and of all the stakeholders of the company(Mittelstadt, B, 2017). The unethical behaviour of Rajaratnam was an alarm for the trading companies and they remain alert in the process of their business. Analysis of the unethical activities of Rajaratnam The inside trading incident is an eye opener for all the business organisations that deal in trading activities. Rajaratnam and his Galleon Group is the example of unethical practices occurred in the companies. The conspiracy of getting rich with a short period of time brought the audacity of greed in the minds of the group of people those who are involved in the inside trading(academia.edu, 2017). The greed of accessing the secret information of the investors and selling the information for personal and financial benefits considered as the most unethical activity conducted by Rajaratnam and his coworkers. Rajaratnam could manage to earn $64 billion for the inside trading and later he was convicted on all eleven charges. The unethical success story of Rajaratnam brought huge loss to the leading companies like Intel, IBM, and Google. The non-public information of the companies was made public and with the access of the information, the companies could make illegal practices(chegg.com, 2017). The objectives of Rajaratnam to exploit the information of the insider before the information is made public in order to trade ahead of the announcements made in public on the earning, forecast, merger spinoff. This was an illegal practice to disclose the insiders information for the financial benefits. Rajaratnam exploited the information of the customers with the help of his secret executives and that enabled him to capture a huge network of information. He seduced the trust of the people and betrayed them. His business model was based on cheating. The court could find the mechanism of fraud made by Rajaratnam and his team members(community.cengage.com, 2017). They swapped the secret information and recruited corporate insiders for providing them information. Rajaratnam plotted to exploit the information and he avoided any suspicions from the regulators. The unethical practice of Rajaratnam proved that his practices were illegal. The financial institutions require to remain alert to the fraudulent practices and avoid the unethical activities in the business organisation. The investors who focused on the market research should not involve in this unethical practices. The customers are also very vigilant now and they are keeping eye on the growth and development of the trading market. The regulators are very capable enough to find out the unethical activities. Wall Street is prepared against the illegal investors(community.cengage.com, 2017). The responsibilities of the bankers brokers to enrich themselves are required. Thus the reformation is required to avoid unethical practices. There is also a need of maintaining authentic timestamps by the traders in order to provide information of the traders. Establishing relationships in the corporate world the financial groups get the advantage over the average investor. The hedge funds get non-public information about the organisations, trend in the market the conti nuing events of the potential market. These financial groups recruit consultants in order to get more information(cqpress.com, 2011). These financial groups take the help of outside experts and pay them for the inside information on the stocks and the impact of share pricing on the financial performance or the performance of the products. The secret activities were very difficult to identify by the regulators. The unethical inside trading brought horrible experience to the leading financial institutions. The reputed companies, advisory board, banks etc. take care of revising the rules and regulations the compliance standards in order to avoid any kind of issue in the future(dailykos.com, 2011). This has been found that mistakes in the governance cause intolerable problems to the financial institutions. The need of revising the trading rules had been very important and the strict regulations were required to make against the discloser of the non-public information. The insider crime has brought a change in the governance pattern. The government has become very vigilant and is looking into the activities of the financial institutions. The wiretaps will remain available to the commission of Security and Exchange. The incident also makes people alert to deal with the information that has financial value. This act proves that greed is not good. The business organisations have potential customers. These organisations collect the data of the information for the business purpose. In order to capture the data of the customers and use them as per the need of the organisation, there are various techniques used by the companies. For the trading companies, it is important to keep the track record of the investors or the customers(epic.org, 2010). Basically, companies collect information through the phone calls, meetings with the clients and even though the text message. These are the techniques used by the companies. These are the common mode of collecting information of the customers used by the companies while dealing with the customers. In these process, there is also a chance of the leak of the information(governanceforstakeholders.com, 2017). The gatherer of the information can mishandle the information and take the advantage of it. Rajaratnam followed a different kind of method to gather the information of the customers. The information collected by the companies about the clients or the customers was gathered by Rajaratnam and his company by hiring the employee of the organisation. This kind of gathering information is called inside trading. In this process, the employee of the organisation provides information to the conspirator so that the information will be passed to him or her and then the information will be used for directing the process of the trading on the way that the conspirator wants(icsi.edu, 2014). This activity is treated as the most unethical practice and the illegal people are involved in this process of cheating people. In this unethical process, there is urgent need of the attention of the regulators, investors, and executives. The executive of the business organisation requires seeing the development of the processes of the organisation. The executive of the company should not involve his or her relatives in the process of the business(icsi.in, 2010). The executive should give more attention to the communication process so that the business organisation will find the more involvement of the executive in the activities. The executive should not involve the friends relatives during the business process of the organisation. The companies should encourage people to avoid exposing the inside information. The employees of the organisation should not be involved in the unethical practices. The investors are required to be very vigilant. The unethical practice can be avoided by the investors once they see it. They must raise their voice when they find that inside trading is occurring in the organisation(ifc.org.wps.wcm, 2017). The inside trading will bring huge financial loss to them and they may withdraw from the organisation. There is also a need for reporting the concerned legal authorities regarding the inside trading and the damages that cause due to the inside trading. The role of regulators is very important here to protect people from the inside trading. The regulators should keep eye on the operations of the organisation and should see that the code of conduct is adequately maintained by the companies(ijsses.org, 2017). The regulators are required to restrain people to indulge in the unethical practices so that the companies will suffer at the end. Rajaratnam and his team made a wrong practice and hired people to give them inside information of the customers. The inside information was used by Rajaratnam for his personal use and the profits amounted $ 64 billion. Thus it is evident that the medium of extracting inside information by Rajaratnam was an unethical activity. The companies collect the data of the customers for the internal use so that they can develop the services and products as per the need of the customers. Thus the companies keep the information of their customers secret so that other companies cannot get the idea about the movement of the customers(justice.gc.ca, 2017). Thus the sharing of the confidential information of the organisation will be treated as an unethical activity and the companies should constraint themselves from doing this illegal activity. The sharing of the information is always the risk for the companies. The implication of the sharing of the information and basically the inside information is very dangerous. Due to the disclosure of the information of the investors, the financial activities are monitored and the information collected by the company can immediately make predict about the intention of the investors(justice.gc.ca, 2017). The investors will lose their profits. The decision of trading a stock is also affected by this. The persons involved in the illegal practice will take the advantage of the inside trading. The executive and the regulators will also similar problems to regulate the activities. There is no specific mode to identify the people those who are involved in the inside trading. The unethical practice has only become public when the corruption is identified(law.upenn.edu, 2017). Thus for the regulators, it is very difficult to identify the culprits those who are supplying the secret data to other. It is also a matter of fact that the inside information changes the decision of the investors. While trading a stock the investor is monitored in this process. Thus the prediction of the analyst will trouble the company as well as the whole trading of stocks. The legal body does not allow the business organisation to do wrong practices. The case of Rajaratnam gives the insight to study about the illegal practices made by the organisations. Rajaratnam could manage to get the insider information by hiring the employees of the different companies. The activities of Rajaratnam are called illegal. Rajaratnam could hire the number of the analyst to make market research and predict the market(kaloramapartners.com, 2012). The analyst can help Rajaratnam. But the illegal way of getting the information brought huge loss to the credibility of the company in the market. Rajaratnam got a short-term benefit but he lost hard-earned reputations. He was convicted and sentenced to jail for his illegal activities. The implication of the unethical activities is very wrong. Rajaratnam could manage to earn more credibility in the market if he has opted the ethical principles. The experience he had earned while working in Needham Co would help him to make more financial analysis and his company could also earn more benefits(justice.gc.ca, 2017). The act of Rajaratnam states that the non-public information should not be given to others by those who access it. It is always correct to gather the information of the customers but passing the information for benefits is a crime. This is definitely against the legal process. Thus the implication of disclosing non-public information is an unethical act. The inside trading may give short-term benefits to the person. But it is true that the ability of the company will fall down in the long-term process as it remains involved in the inside trading. Thus the individuals involved in inside trading should be given punishment. The ill effect of inside trading is that the investors will not focus on investing in the potential market and they will detach themselves from the market. There is also another chance of ill effects. The investors will focus on the secured way of trading and will procure only the bonds of the government. Thus it will seriously affect the ability of the market. It is always important to make an investigation before making any trading activity. This is a fact that punishment to Rajaratnam is an evidence of illegal practice made by the fund managers and investors. The sharing of non-public information is considered as an illegal activity. The secret investigation will alert those who remain involved in passing the non-public information to others for their personal gain. The secret investigation is also giving the regulators and the policymakers a warning to keep vigilant eyes on the movement of the fund managers(justice.gc.ca, 2017). Rajaratnam is an example of the damage of the companies like IBM and Google. The financial gain of Rajaratnam brought huge loss to the companies. This investigation will help the organisations to remain alert and not to disclose the information which is very much secret in nature. The case of Rajaratnam also provided an example of punishment for illegal work. The fund managers will never take steps to pass the information on the status of their organisation depends on it. Once the company is exposed the possibility of growth of the company is impossible(kaloramapartners.com, 2012). The incident of Rajaratnam can give benefits over the competitors in the market. But this benefits cannot stay for a long period of time. The stock market and trading require associating with day to day analysis. The company should employ people to work for the organisation other than involved in the inside trading. The illegal practice will spoil the credibility of the company in the market. This is important for the managers the investors to take appropriate decisions and they should avoid any wrong practice(community.cengage.com, 2017). They should understand the survival of the business does not depend on the inside trading. The wrong practice will bring a fatal consequence for the organisations. The unethical activities of the fund managers and the investors will bring loss to the customers and the company will lose its credibility in the market. Later the survival of the company will be impossible in the future. This has been evident from the case study. Conclusion The case study on inside trading is an example of unethical activity. The act of Rajaratnam has brought a very negative impact on the stock market. The trade is affected for the inside trading. The unethical activities of Rajaratnam remain responsible for the threat in the trading of stock. The customers get to know about the ill effects of the inside trading. Thus it is very important to stop the unethical practice so that other fund managers and the investors will not involve in the wrong practice. The regulators are required to see that no fund manager or the company is involved in sharing the non-public information of the company. Thus it is important to avoid any illegal activity. The fund manager should know that it is not important to disclose the inside information of the customers. The information which does not affect the organisation or which has no harm can only be disclosed. The people those who are involved in accessing the information of the companies should not try to get benefits out of it. The case study shows that Rajaratnams benefits were for a very short period of time. He brought a huge loss to him individually and also to his company. The case of Rajaratnam is a warning for every fund managers not to involve in wrong practices. Rajaratnam could use his rich experiencein the business instead of getting involved in the illegal practices. The adequate knowledge he has earned working in his previous company could help him to make an analysis of the market. The help of another analyst could also help his to make more market research. This would help him to predict the market and get more benefits. As a successful analyst, he has a great reputation. But the motif of getting immediate befits caused a huge loss to him. Thus it is very much important for every fund manager to remainloyal to the organisation and should not try to disclose the information of the company. The non-public information should not be disclosed at any cost. References academia.edu, 2017. ETHICAL ORIENTATION AND PERSONAL BENEFIT IN INSIDER .... [Online] Available at: www.academia.edu/.../ETHICAL_ORIENTATION_AND_PERSONAL_BENEFIT_IN. [Accessed 17 09 2017]. chegg.com, 2017. If It's Legal. It's Ethical; And Besides, Ever... - Chegg. [Online] Available at: www.chegg.com ... operations management questions and answers [Accessed 17 09 2017]. community.cengage.com, 2017. An error occurred. - Cengage Resource Center. [Online] Available at: community.cengage.com/GECResource2/info/b/bus_law?pi3030=5...pi3529... [Accessed 17 09 2017]. cqpress.com, 2011. Business Ethics: CQR. [Online] Available at: library.cqpress.com/cqresearcher/document.php?id=cqresrre2011050600 [Accessed 16 09 2017]. dailykos.com, 2011. There's Privilege, There's Insiders, and Then There's the Goldman .. [Online] Available at: https://www.dailykos.com/story/2011/8/26/1010707/- [Accessed 17 09 2017]. epic.org, 2010. EPIC FCCvATT Brief_0.99 - Electronic Privacy Information Center. 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[Online] Available at: https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/.../Whos+Running+the+Company+Rev+-+Lo+Res.pdf?. [Accessed 17 09 2017]. ijsses.org, 2017. Contemporary Financial Crimes of Employee Embezzlement ... - IJSSES. [Online] Available at: ijsses.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/140.pdf [Accessed 17 09 2017]. Jennings, M. M., 2013. Ethics and Financial Markets: The Role of the Analyst - CFA Institute ... [Online] Available at: www.cfapubs.org/doi/pdf/10.2470/rflr.v8.n1.1 [Accessed 16 09 2017]. justice.gc.ca, 2017. Youth Risk/Need Assessment: An Overview of Issues and Practices. [Online] Available at: www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/cj-jp/yj-jj/rr03_yj4-rr03_jj4/rr03_yj4.pdf [Accessed 17 09 2017]. kaloramapartners.com, 2012. Rebuttal statements Insider trading - Kalorama Partners. [Online] Available at: www./.../2012-05-07-Insider-Trading-Debate-Rebuttal-Remark... [Accessed 16 09 2017]. law.upenn.edu, 2017. Specialty Areas Research - University of Pennsylvania Law School. [Online] Available at: https://www.law.upenn.edu/cf/specialtyareas/courses.cfm?Specialty_ID=1 [Accessed 17 09 2017]. Mittelstadt, B, 2017. Ethics of the health-related internet of things: a narrative review .... [Online] Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10676-017-9426-4 [Accessed 17 09 2017]. nejm.org, 2010. Sleep Deprivation, Elective Surgical Procedures, and ... - NEJM . [Online] Available at: www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1007901?viewType=Printpage=sort.. [Accessed 17 09 2017]. network.bepress.com, 2016. Business Law, Public Responsibility, and Ethics | Open Access. [Online] Available at: network.bepress.com/explore/business/business-law-public-responsibility-and-ethics/?. [Accessed 07 09 2017]. pogo.org, 2011. Revolving Regulators: SEC Faces Ethics Challenges with Revolving .... [Online] Available at: www.pogo.org Our Work Reports 2011 [Accessed 17 09 2017]. scribd.com, 2010. Consultation Paper on the Draft Guidelines on Disclosure of Inside .... [Online] Available at: https://www.scribd.com/.../Consultation-Paper-on-the-Draft-Guidelines-on-Disclosure-... [Accessed 17 09 2017]. srz.com, 2017. Insider Trading - Schulte Roth Zabel LLP. [Online] Available at: https://www.srz.com/images/content/1/4/.../SRZ-2017-StateoftheLawandPractice.pdf [Accessed 17 09 2017]. steptoe.com, 2012. 26th Annual National Institute on White Collar Crime - Steptoe .... [Online] Available at: www.steptoe.com/.../26th%20Annual%20National%20Institute%20on%20White%20... [Accessed 17 09 2017]. uk.pinterest.com, 2017. U.S. prosecutors drop two more charges against Rajaratnam's brother. [Online] Available at: https://uk.pinterest.com/pin/440438038531076822/ [Accessed 17 09 2017].

Parallel operation of synchronous generators free essay sample

The alternators are conneted as shown in FIG. 1 using two single-phase wattmeters The d. c shunt motors are started and the alternators are brought up to speed. By varying the alternator fields, the terminal voltages are brought up to the rated values(110V). The speeds of the sets are adjusted by means of the motor field rheostat control until thealternators run at rated frequency The synchronising switch is closed in the middle of a dark period of the lamps. ( The alterantors should now be working in parallel, but they should not be delivering any load. Also , if the voltage and speed have been properly adjusted, there should be no interchange odf current between the alternators and the ammeters should read zero. For a particular load output at consatnt frequency and voltage, input ot the d. c machine is varied and the outputs shared by each alternator are noted from the wattmeter readings. We will write a custom essay sample on Parallel operation of synchronous generators or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Inputs to the d. c side are also noted. A graph is plotted between the input power and the load shared by each machine, as shown in FIG. 2 Keeping the input power , outputload , terminal voltage an dfrequency constant, the current outut of each alternator is noted for different excitaitons. A graph of output (in VA) versus excitation as shown in FIG. 3 is plotted. Observations: Wattmeter constants = Frequency= Voltage = Load Current= No. W1 (watts) A1 (amps) LOAD SHARING Iac1 Vdc1 W2 (amps) (Volts) (watts) Voltage = Load current = A2 (amps) Iac2 (amps) Vdc2 (volts) Frequency = W1 = W2 = No. Machine I If1(amp) Iac1(amp) Machine II 1. 73VIac1(VA) If2(amp) Iac2(amp) 1. 73Viac2(VA) Results: S. No. Machine I A. C Output,Watts D. C Input ,Watts Machine II A. C Output,Watts D. C Input ,Watts Remark: Variation of load angle with cahnge in the output load can be observed with a stroboflash arrangement FIG. 1 Two D. C motor -alternator sets as follows are used. Ifpm A Rf1=0-185 ohm S1 Ra Ia A 0-60A Starter A1 110 V D. C Supply F1 R Y B N M Vt 0-150V D. C F1 A2 F2 F2 Rf2 =0-35 ohm Star-connected alternator 130 V,13. 9 A, 3 kVA,50Hz 1000 rpm A 0-6 A D. C L1 R1 From Alternator 1 A W W 110V 10A N1 Vg 0-150 V 46-54 Hz 0-20A R2 A N2 From Alternator 2 Vb F F 46-54 Hz Y1 Y2 B1 B2 A L2 L3 0-60A To 3-phase load FIG. 2 Output Power/Machine (Watts) 1000 800 Machine I 600 Machine II 400 200 30 0 500 700 900 1100 Input Power/Machine (Watts) FIG. 3 Field Current (Amps) 1300 1500 1700 Load Current I1 Load Current I2 MachineII MachineI MachineI Machine II Volt- amperes

APA Style Research Paper

APA Style Research Paper APA Style Research Paper APA Style Research Paper The most commonly requested format for research paper writing is APA style. APA style is commonly used in the social sciences and is consider as the most influential research paper writing style. Nevertheless, different fields may have some aberration, so consult your advisor on research paper writing requirements. If the teacher asks you to write APA style research paper, you have to follow specific rules which make the presentation of written material more understandable. Research paper APA style covers the following elements: punctuation and abbreviations, construction of tables, selection of headings, citation of references, presentation of statistics as well as many other elements that are a part of every academic essay. Research Paper Help The first thing you should do is to define a research paper topic. You have the possibility to demonstrate your research skills: collect information, examine it and make your own contribution to the existing knowledge. Every research paper topic should be focused on a problem or question which has to be solved or answered. Determine the main aspect of your research paper topic.  Library resources will help you to understand the topic problem and to arrange research paper ideas. Collect information on given phenomenon, inform about experiments that have been already done. Reading a scientific literature will help you to find out the most important and relevant data for your research paper writing. Title page, the text of the research paper and list of references are the basic issues of an APA style research paper. Writing a research paper you have to use other elements such as: abstract, references, appendices, footnotes, tables etc. Let's take a look at some elements. Title page is the separate first page. The title should be in the center about halfway down the page. The information including your name, college, course, professor etc. should be below the title. Make sure that the title is meaningful. It should signal to the reader what your research paper topic is. Bibliography list should be presented at the end of your research paper. The list begins on a new page. The purpose of including a bibliographic reference is to allow your readers to track down your sources. While writing bibliography, you need to include standard bibliographic information: author, title, place of publication, publisher, and year of publication. Custom Written Research Papers If you are not sure how to format your research paper in proper APA style, ask our writers for research paper writing help and the formatting will be done for free!   In addition to custom written research paper you receive free bibliography list, free title page, and free plagiarism report!   Only professional and experienced writers working at are entrusted to work on your research paper writing!

Mayan Civilization City of Copan, Honduras

Mayan Civilization City of Copan, Honduras Copn, called Xukpi by its residents, rises out of the mist of western Honduras, in a pocket of alluvial soil amid rugged topography. It is arguably one of the most important royal sites of the Maya civilization. Occupied between AD 400 and 800, Copn covers over 50 acres of temples, altars, stelae, ball courts, several plazas and the magnificent Hieroglyphic Stairway. The culture of Copn was rich in written documentation, today including detailed sculptural inscriptions, which is very rare in precolumbian sites. Sadly, many of the booksand there were books written by the Maya, called codiceswere destroyed by the priests of the Spanish invasion. Explorers of Copn The reason we know so much of the inhabitants of the site of Copn is the result of five hundred years of exploration and study, beginning with Diego Garcà ­a de Palacio who visited the site in 1576. During the late 1830s, John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood explored Copn, and their descriptions, and particularly Catherwoods illustrations, are still used today to better study the ruins. Stephens was a 30-year-old attorney and politician when a doctor suggested he take some time off to rest his voice from speech making. He made good use of his vacation, touring around the globe and writing books about his travels. One of his books, Incidents of Travel in Yucatan, was published in 1843 with detailed drawings of the ruins at Copn, made by Catherwood with a camera lucida. These drawings captured the imaginations of scholars the world over; in the 1880s, Alfred Maudslay started the first excavations there, funded by Harvards Peabody Museum. Since that time, many of the best archaeologists of our time have worked at Copn, including Sylvanus Morley, Gordon Willey, William Sanders and David Webster, William and Barbara Fash, and many others. Translating Copan Work by Linda Schele and others has concentrated on translating the written language, which efforts have resulted in the recreation of the dynastic history of the site. Sixteen rulers ran Copn between 426 and 820 AD. Probably the most well-known of the rulers at Copn was 18 Rabbit, the 13th ruler, under whom Copn reached its height. While the level of control held by the rulers of Copn over the surrounding regions is debated among Mayanists, there can be no doubt that the people were aware of the populations at Teotihuacan, over 1,200 kilometers away. Trade items found at the site include jade, marine shell, pottery, sting-ray spines and some small amounts of gold, brought from as far away as Costa Rica or perhaps even Colombia. Obsidian from Ixtepeque quarries in eastern Guatemala is abundant; and some argument has been made for the importance of Copn as a result of its location, on the far eastern frontier of Maya society. Daily Life at Copan Like all of the Maya, the people of Copn were agriculturalists, growing seed crops such as beans and corn, and root crops such as manioc and xanthosoma. Maya villages consisted of multiple buildings around a common plaza, and in the early centuries of the Maya civilizations these villages were self-supporting with a relatively high standard of living. Some researchers argue that the addition of the elite class, as at Copn, resulted in the impoverishment of the commoners. Copn and the Maya Collapse Much has been made of the so-called Maya collapse, which occurred in the 9th century AD and resulted in the abandonment of the big central cities like Copn. But, recent research has shown that as Copn was being depopulated, sites in the Puuc Region such as Uxmal and Labina, as well as Chichen Itza were gaining population. David Webster argues that the collapse was merely a collapse of the ruling elites, probably as a reuslt of internal conflict, and that only the elite residences were abandoned, and not the entire city. Good, intensive archaeological work continues at Copn, and as a result, we have a rich history of the people and their times. Sources This glossary entry is part of the Guide to the Maya Civilization and the Dictionary of Archaeology. A brief bibliography has been assembled and a page detailing the Rulers of Copn is also available. The following is a brief bibliography of the archaeological literature related to the study of Copn. For more information about the site, see the glossary entry for Copn; for more information about the Maya Civilization in general, see the About.com Guide to the Maya Civilization. Bibliography for Copn Andrews, E. Wyllys and William L. Fash (eds.) 2005. Copan: The History of a Maya Kingdom. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe. Bell, Ellen E. 2003. Understanding Early Classic Copan. University Museum Publications, New York. Braswell, Geoffrey E. 1992 Obsidian-hydration dating, the Coner phase, and revisionist chronology at Copan, Honduras. Latin American Antiquity 3:130-147. Chincilla Mazariegos, Oswaldo 1998 Archaeology and nationalism in Guatemala at the time of independence. Antiquity 72:376-386. Clark, Sharri, et al. 1997 Museums and Indigenous Cultures: The power of local knowledge. Cultural Survival Quarterly Spring 36-51. Fash, William L. and Barbara W. Fash. 1993 Scribes, Warriors, and Kings: The City of Copan and the Ancient Maya. Thames and Hudson, London. Manahan, T. K. 2004 The Way Things Fall Apart: Social organization and the Classic Maya collapse of Copan. Ancient Mesoamerica 15:107-126. Morley, Sylvanus. 1999. Inscriptions at Copan. Martino Press. Newsome, Elizabeth A. 2001. Trees of Paradise and Pillars of the World: The Serial Stelae Cycle of 18-Rabbit-God K, King of Copan. University of Texas Press, Austin. Webster, David 1999 The archaeology of Copan, Honduras. Journal of Archaeological Research 7(1):1-53. Webster, David 2001 Copan (Copan, Honduras). Pages 169-176 in Archaeology of Ancient Mexico and Central America. Garland Publishing, New York. Webster, David L. 2000. Copan: The Rise and Fall of a Classic Maya Kingdom. Webster, David, AnnCorinne Freter, and David Rue 1993 The obsidian hydration dating project at Copan: A regional approach and why it works. Latin American Antiquity 4:303-324. This bibliography is part of the Guide to the Maya Civilization.

Financial Management Foundations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Management Foundations - Essay Example (Garcia-Terul and Martinez-Solano, 2000: p. 164). Investments in working capital constitute a tradeoff between risk and profitability because decisions that increase profitability also increase risk and vice versa. This is obvious even in capital markets where a tradeoff exists between risk and profitability. For example, investments in equities tend to be riskier than investments in savings accounts and bonds but equities tend to pay higher returns that savings accounts and bonds. (Bodie et al, 2005). A company that has a negative net working capital therefore faces higher risks than a company that has a positive net working capital irrespective of the profitability of the company. This is so because, the company with higher current liabilities may have high levels of debts that may be uncollectible, but which must have been included in the sales figure used in calculating profit. Debtors may default on the payment of debt and inventories may go obsolete. Finance literature has long recognized that market imperfection and information asymmetry affect finance. Thus, corporations must choose from the various financing options appropriate for them. These include, warrants issuance, derivatives instruments, common stocks and Preferred stocks etc. (Ambarish, John &Williams 1987). The purpose of this paper is to differentiate between the various financing securities and derivatives instruments. The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 describes the various financial securities. In Section 3, differences e different financing securities are highlighted. Section 4 comments on the result and presents te conclusion. 2.0 Forms of Financing Securities Securities are often referred to as fungible, negotiable instrument representing financial values (Bodie, Kane, Marcus 2005). These instruments are broadly classified into debts securities (e.g., banknotes, bonds and debentures), and equity securities for example common stocks (Ross,Westerfield & Jaffe 1999). According to DeAngelo DeAngelo & Stulzb (2006) company or other entity issuing the security is called the issuer. What specifically qualifies as a security is dependent on the regulatory structure in a country. For example private investment pools may have some features of securities, but they may not be registered or regulated as such if they meet various restrictions (Ross, Westerfield & Jaffe 1999). Issuers include individuals, commercial banks, mortgage institutions and other international institution like the World bank. 2.1 Common stocks A common stock is an example of equity security. It represents the principal capital stock of a company. In most cases, Brealey & Myers (2005) state that a common stock security is a share in the capital stock of

The Principle of Correspondence in Criminal Law Essay

The Principle of Correspondence in Criminal Law - Essay Example In criminal law, for an accused person to be found culpable, he or she is obliged to have indeed committed an unlawful act (actus reus) and must have acquired the mental state (mens rea) that propelled him to perform an illegal act. Actus reus is derived from Latin and means â€Å"guilty act† whereas mens rea means â€Å"guilty mind†. Under actus reus, the guilty act referred to could either be the commission or omission of an act that then leads to the violation of existing laws. Consider a case where a person, willingly and knowingly, drives over the speed limit. Here, the act of over speeding is done with total disregard to the existing law. An example of an omission of an act is a case where after adopting a pet, a person fails to care for and feed it thus leading to its demise. The crime in this case arises from the failure to act. In many occasions, a person is required to have had the necessary â€Å"mental state† while committing a crime for him or her to be found guilty of an offence. Often, mens rea refers to the intention to commit a crime. Some crimes, however, are done by unknowingly. Mens rea therefore may refer to other states of mind such as criminal negligence, recklessness or willful blindness. Intention refers to the situation where a person knowingly understands that their actions go against the rule of law and yet they continue with the guilty act. Willful blindness is shown where a person is aware of the possibility of wrongdoing but chooses to pursue with the offense.

The modern state comprises Essay Example for Free

The modern state comprises Essay The modern state comprises the demonstration of legitimacy and sovereignty of public power within a regulated territorial district. The modern state originally connected to the European institution upbringing about late fifteenth century. This led to the eventual introduction of capitalism and absolutism. The proponents attempted gathering a single state’s control in both economy and polity, thereby diffusing power from every other union like religious body into a centralized sovereignty that is state control. The resultant in the next three to four centuries later is the introduction of state economy policy and a central operating system of taxation, security and diplomacy with other neighboring countries – â€Å" a contemporary state system then evolved† (Niccolo M. n. d). Weber described modern state as a monopolized system where there is the use of legitimated impersonal principles to subdue societal power. Contrary to Weber’s view, some of the states outside Europe show certain deviation making it difficult to categorize how best a state is operated in a single theory. In a struggle to upgrade the operation of a global economy, modern states in the present age have fast evolved even a global community (e. g. European Union); gathering states together to formulate laws, principles on which their inter-relations are based. States’ Sovereignty The extent of sovereignty of a state is a measure of diplomatic respect accrued from other states; such recognition is limited within the state. The legal landmark to delineate the sovereignty and legitimacy of state is explained by three principal theorists in international relations (as a study) viz. the Marxism theory, the elitism theory and the pluralism theory. Contemporary Study of Modern States’ Theories Pluralism is popular in the United States. It views state as a â€Å"common leveling ground to resolve contending interests and also as a collection of an overall agencies ruling the state† ( Robert Dahl n. d. ). It resolves that the output of a state is the product of pressurized effects from diverse societal groups or agencies (polyarchy). Wright Mills, in 1956, asserted that elitism is consequential to pluralism in that certain member called elite of the society seat at the corridor of power to dictate and make policies. Marxism in contrast to pluralism, states that a State legitimacy and sovereignty is a function of its capitalist contributions to its economy. There is no leveling ground in the policy here; neither is there a group of agencies which probably will rise against the capitalist and still result in an unfair play ground. Each key player does so with a reserved interest with no neutrality. The Best Sovereignty: One would argue that if the so called capitalist of a country are neglected in the choice of policy making, their withdrawal from economy bring a big setback and digs a nation’s unemployment deeper, government receiving an end decreases in tax income, and international problem of funding develops, all of these pose big threats to the so called State itself. No wonder the recent legitimacy and sovereignty of modern state shift heavily towards the capitalist and enthrone Marxism as a best description of governance. They share common interest; the few elites in the polity are strengthened by the fundamental economic input from the capitalist. The withdrawal brings the so called â€Å"capitalist strike† in the state leaving the elite helpless. In conclusion, the few capitalists as described by the Marxism theory are the best major players in every economy in a civilized modern State since the elites or the diverse groups (pluralism) are indirectly or directly dependent on their input to stand in the system. Even if a State claims otherwise, professional probing could retrieve the hidden Marxism at the baseline. Reference A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859), Preface, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1977, with some notes by R. Rojas, and Engels: Anti-Duhring (1877), Introduction General.

The Frontier of Existence in Beckett’s Waiting for Godot and Ionesco’s

The Frontier of Existence  in Beckett’s Waiting for Godot and Ionesco’s Rhinoceros     Ã‚   ‘I feel that I had been at the frontier of existence, close to the place where they lose their names, their definition, the place where time stops, almost outside History’ (E Ionesco). This essay will explore the frontier of existence in Beckett’s Waiting for Godot and Ionesco’s Rhinoceros The title Rhinoceros is formed from the ancient Greek Rhino meaning nose and Keros meaning horn. However, in this play I take rhinoceros to mean an animal that is thick-skinned and ugly. The people who become rhinoceroses become as thick skinned as the rhinoceroses they turn into. On first viewing of Rhinoceros one journeys with the characters on what appears to be something of a mystery tour. One cannot be sure if a rhinoceros really exists. It is this sense of unknowing that makes for a lack of definition in the characters themselves. There is Jean’s first announcement of ‘Oh a rhinoceros’ (Act I:I P.14) as he points off stage is tantalising as one can only hear noises. One tries to define the situation and the characters by questioning their imagination and sanity. Much that one might expect to be told about the characters and their situation is denied to us. One only gets little snippets of information about their society for example a couple of revelations fr om Jean to Berenger: ‘there’s been no zoo in our town since the animals were destroyed in the plague†¦ages ago†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (I:I P.20) and ‘You know perfectly well that the Council banned all travelling performers from the district†¦There haven’t been any since we were children.’ (I:I P.20). Council has a capital ‘c’ and there is no mention of God anywhere which is a striking opposite from Waiting f... ...ific tyranny or exile; perhaps the Nazi occupation of France or separation from one’s homeland. But one does have choices as definition does not have to be of a single entity. Emphasis could be put on defining what happens while Vladimir and Estragon are waiting rather than notions of termination Works Cited   Beckett, Samuel, Waiting for Godot Cohen, R., Back to Beckett Coe, Richard N., Eugà ¨ne Ionesco: A Study of His Work Hayman, Ronald, Eugà ¨ne Ionesco Ionesco, Eugà ¨ne, Rhinoceros, The Chairs and The Lesson Lamont, Rosette C., Ionesco: A Collection of Critical Essays Lamont, Rosette C. and Friedman, M.J., The two faces of Ionesco Lazar, Moshe., The Dream and the Play: Ionesco’s Theatrical Quest Lyons, C., Samuel Becket Lewis, Allan, Ionesco Pronko, Leonard C., Eugà ¨ne Ionesco Worth, K., Beckett the Shape Changer   

The Iroquois Confederacy to Six Nations

Northern Kentucky University The Iroquois Confederacy to Six Nations Thesis: Examine how the Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, and Cayuga, and the 1722 addition of the Tuscarora, resulted in the Iroquois Confederacy or Six Nations and their influence on the creation of the Constitution. Nicole Cushingberry Cultural Anthropology Michael Striker December 16, 2011 Nicole Cushingberry Instructor: Michael Striker Anthropology 100 The Iroquois: Confederacy to Six NationsThe Iroquois Confederacy, also known as Five Nations or Six Nations after the 1720 inclusion of the Tuscarora, was a collective of tribes that occupied the upper region of New York state around Lake Ontario, Pennsylvania, and Southern Ontario and Quebec. The term Iroquois is an English deviation from a French deviation of an offensive Algonkian (group of Native American Indian languages used from South Carolina to Labrador, Canada and west to the Great Plains) term for â€Å"real snakes†.Originally, the members of th e confederacy described themselves as Kanonsionni (compound word – kanonsa meaning â€Å"house† and â€Å"ionni† meaning extended) or â€Å"people of the longhouse† whereas today the term Haudenosaunee is used which translates to â€Å"people building an extended house†. The literal meaning of these terms describes the housing arrangement of the Iroquois – a dwelling typically 60 feet long (as large as 300 feet long) constructed of young, bendable trees, covered with bark.Historically and by native traditions, Dekanawidah, a Huron tribe member and shaman, is credited with creating the Great Law of the Iroquois Confederacy, also known as The Great Law of Peace, between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The Great Law of the Iroquois was communicated orally, believed to be one of the earliest collections of governing principles equivalent to the constitution, and was utilized as a justice system to be applied to tribe members by their chie fs.Chief Hiawatha, an Onondaga living amongst a Mohawk tribe and an equivalent to a modern day politician, was persuaded by Dekanawidah to teach The Great Law of the Iroquois in hopes of eliminating the ongoing conflicts between the tribes resulting in the raiding of villages to obtain captives, retaliation, and murder. Dekanawidah also hoped that by uniting the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Seneca, they would be able to defend themselves against European invasion. Tribal SocietySeveral tribes of the Northeast region spoke the Iroquois language but not all of them were members of the confederacy (at left, map shows the tribes and regions in New York State; the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy is shown in red). The Five Nations, was formed when the Cayuga, Mohawk, Onondaga, Oneida, and Seneca agreed to abide by the principles of The Great Law of the Iroquois Confederacy; Six Nations was created when the Tuscaroa, a tribe from North Carolina, Requested admittance into the confederacy to gain protection from European colonization oreover, enslavement. The Six Nations of the confederacy is comprised of clan groups of matrilineal descent, with members being part of the mother’s family (all members of each clan were related to other clans via the mothers) automatically at birth and will remain as such for their lifetime. Family kinship was determined by bifurcate merging, with unilineal descent. The Iroquois were matrilocal; when a man was selected as being worthy to join their longhouse as a husband by the elder women, after marriage, the couple resided in the longhouse of woman’s birth.Though women were in the position of power commonly held by men, they did not dominate the society. The most senior woman lead her clan and was charged with the naming of children, working her advisors to elect a chief to represent the clan and remove him if he did not meet his obligations, food production and distribution, making clothing, participating in medicinal groups, and as a pastime, took part in gambling. Men were responsible for hunting, managing military tasks, fighting in wars, and acting as a representative, if selected, of his longhouse.The Iroquois mode of subsistence was agriculturally based society, which their staple crops being corn, squash, and beans. Their diet was enhanced by gathering fruit, roots, and nuts some of which was often dried for later use. During hunting season, the men trapped squirrels, rabbits, beaver and hunted bears and deer. They traded goods such as pipes, beaded clothing, furs, and food items. Religion consisted in devotion to â€Å"The Great Spirit†, creator of the world. All things in the Iroquois existence were taken care of by the spirits of the trees, plants, wind, rain, and other aspects of nature.They believed that a world of supernatural powers existed, with both good and evil entities and felt these spirits could alter the course of their lives. The religious specialists of t he Iroquois were known as the â€Å"Keepers of the Faith† and were male or female and held the position part-time. The keepers were selected by the elders and were tasked with arranging and conducting religious ceremonies, such as funerals or fighting illness and disease. Constitutional Influence The main authors of the Constitution of the United States, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, were highly influence and inspired by the principles of the Six Nations.Iroquois chiefs were invited to the Continental Congress Hall where on June 11, 1776, the focus of discussion was on the topic of independence. The chiefs presented a speech that detailed an on-going friendship between the Iroquois and the new Americans, and this relationship would only continue if both groups acted â€Å"as one people, and have one heart†. There are many similarities between the constitution and the principles of the Iroquois. Researchers Vine Deloraia, Bruce Johnson, and Donald Grind have f ound that the very foundation of both sets of principles mirror each ther (Johansen 1998:79): life, liberty, and happiness (Declaration of Independence); government by reason and consent rather than coercion (Albany Plan and Articles of Confederation); religious tolerance (and ultimately religious acceptance) instead of a state church; checks and balances; federalism (U. S. Constitution); and relative equality of property, equal rights before the law, and the thorny problem of creating a government that can rule equitably across a broad geographic expanse (Bill of Rights of the United States Constitution). Native America had a substantial role in shaping all of these ideas. Payne 1996:607, quoting Grinde and Johansen, Exemplars of Liberty, xx) Further, Johansen found that Franklin was using quotes from the Onondaga and advising Americans in their ill feeling towards England: Our wise ancestors established union and amity between the five nations. This has made us formidable. This ha s given us great weight and authority with our neighboring nations. We are a powerful Confederacy, and by your observing the same methods our wise ancestors have taken you will acquire much strength and power; therefore, whatever befalls you, do not fall out with one another. Johansen 1998:8) In closing, to think that the Constitution of the United States is based upon the life principles of a group of people once thought to be savages, is both a revelation and a disappointment. It is truly amazing that some many people with a common language can come together as one group for the benefits of all – socially, economically, and for the protection against a common enemy. The people of the Six Nations lived lives based on survival rather than greed by our current day definition.However, what I find disappointing and disheartening, is the fact that we as Americans came to this country to escape oppression from the crown. Yet upon arrival in this new land, we turn and do the simila r oppressive acts to the Native Americans. We called them savages and treated them as if they occupied a status lower than animals, yet we base the very document that makes use Americans on their life principles. A statement by issued during a discussion at Albany Franklin summarizes my point of view: â€Å"It would be a strange thing†¦ f Six Nations of ignorant savages should be capable of forming such a union and be able to execute it in such a manner that it has subsisted ages and appears indissoluble, and yet that a like union should be impractical for ten or a dozen English colonies, to whom it is more necessary and must be more advantageous, and who cannot be supposed to want an equal understanding of their interest. † Works Cited Daly, Janet. â€Å"Iroquois constitution united states. † IPOAA Magazine. Social Science Journal, n. d. Web. 19 Nov. 2011. . Hale, Horatio. â€Å"Iroquois Book of Rites Index. Internet Sacred Text Archive Home. N. p. , n. d. Web. 16 Dec. 2011. . â€Å"Iroquois Confederacy (American Indian confederation) — Britannica Online Encyclopedia. † Encyclopedia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia. N. p. , n. d. Web. 19 Nov. 2011. . Kahionhes Fadden, John. â€Å"Chp 8: A New Chapter, Images of native America in the writings of Franklin, Jefferson, and Paine, â€Å"Exemplar Of Liberty†. † rat haus reality, ratical branch. N. p. , n. d. Web. 14 Dec. 2011. . Malinowski, Sharon, Anna J. Sheets, and Linda Schmittroth. UA†¢XA†¢L encyclopedia of Native American tribes.Detroit: UA†¢XA†¢L, 1999. Print. Myers, Merlin G.. Households and families of the Longhouse Iroquois at Six Nations Reserve. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press in cooperation with the American Indian Studies Research Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, 2006. Print. â€Å"New York Indian Tribes and Languages. † Native American Language Net: Preserving and promoting indigenous American Indian la nguages. N. p. , n. d. Web. 16 Dec. 2011. . â€Å"Understanding Haudenosaunee Culture-1. † Syracuse Peace Council. N. p. , n. d. Web. 16 Dec. 2011. .

Beneath Clouds Speech – the Persona of Lena

Mr Teacher was kind enough to invite me here today to inform you of my journey to discover my personal identity and all of the trials and tribulations that came with it. For those of you who don’t know me, my name is Lena and I come from an Aboriginal Irish background. Everyone I want you to imagine feeling so alone, trapped, isolated and different from everyone around you. Feeling so alienated that you absolutely have to get out. That’s how I felt at the beginning of my journey. I was a white girl living in an aboriginal society, isolated by my own heritage. I lived with my mother, stepfather and younger brother in a rural area; they were a typical aboriginal family. My parents were alcoholics and smokers and my brother was a thief. There was no way I wanted to end up like them and I knew my only way out was to find my biological father. My biological father loved to travel so he left me when I was really young so he could live the life that he always dreamed of living. The last I heard he was living somewhere in Sydney. In my head that sounded perfect, I was old enough that he wouldn’t have to do much to care for me so he could still travel and almost anything was better than living with a family that couldn’t care less about me. So I left. I know it was somewhat selfish to abandon my family out of the blue but I was fed up with living a disadvantaged life when I knew I could accomplish so much more. To make matters worse I missed my bus to Sydney because I was busy retching in the bathroom since I ate some revolting food. I was pretty much stranded in the middle of nowhere with no options except to wait for the next bus. To my surprise one of the most unusual things happened, a young boy roughly around my age hopped out of the back of a milk truck. I was almost certain that Dairy Farmers milk didn’t produce young boys, so naturally I assumed there was something dubious about him especially since he reeked of immorality. However he did say something that set off a light bulb in my head. He asked ‘which way is it to Sydney? ’ and he just started walking. Then I thought why the heck was I sitting on my butt when I could be on my way to Sydney, so I set off on foot as well. Eventually I learnt the boy’s name was Vaughn, I tried to remain distant from him though because his whole essence was exactly what I was trying to escape from; the stereotypical life of an Aboriginal. He was on the run because he escaped from a detention centre. Don’t get me wrong, he did have some morals; the only reason he even escaped was to see his Mother because she was on her death bed. However Vaughn was in the detention centre for a reason and some facts are just hard to overlook. Vaughn was actually a relatively nice guy once you got to know him. I remember we both hitch-hiked a ride from a bunch of Aboriginals and the driver slapped a girl in the face. I found his behaviour so repulsive that I told him to stop the car; I would’ve rather walked than stayed in the car with the likes of him. Vaughn had the opportunity to stay with his buddies that he so kindly referred to as ‘cuz’ but he didn’t, instead he got out of the car and walked with me. I have a very tough exterior so the fact that Vaughn was able to break through that and make me feel touched was extraordinary. I think that was the first time that I actually started to trust Vaughn, unfortunately our relationship ran very hot and cold so that never lasted for long. By the end of our journey I believe Vaughn and I made lasting impressions on each other; he taught me the importance of embracing my heritage and I would like to think that some of my morals brushed off on him. Vaughn was such major part of my journey, without him I wouldn’t be who I am today. So when it came time to part ways it was very emotional; we barely spoke and our goodbye was a simple hug, then I was on a train to Sydney. It wasn’t until after the train pulled away that the true reality of the situation hit me, I was never going to see him again that’s when the tears started to roll freely down my face. I’m sure by now many of you are wondering ‘did she ever find her father? Unfortunately I didn’t. When I finally arrived in Sydney I discovered that my father had passed away several years ago which is why he hadn’t remained in contact. I guess it would be kind of difficult to remain in contact when you are on the other side. However my journey wasn’t entirely pointless, I am now living out my dream of being a writer and Sydney gave me all the opportunities that I always thought I deserved. I believe that this entire journey help ed me discover my personal identity. It made me realise that no matter what, you should always stand by your beliefs and persevere. There is a saying ‘the grass is greener on the other side’ but I don’t believe that’s true, I believe ‘the grass is greener where you water it’. So if you put in the effort you can achieve anything. I think that is one of the rules I now live my life by and it was highly influenced by my journey. I would like to thank you all for listening to my speech and I hope I didn’t take up too much of your time.

Scott Joplin Essays - Rags, Music, Ragtime, American Music

Scott Joplin Essays - Rags, Music, Ragtime, American Music Scott Joplin CHOW, BENJAMIN F EXTRA CREDIT In the late 1890s ; a craze for a new kind of music called ragtime swept the country off its feet. Instant popularity of ragtime increased before the turn of the century. By 1910, the ragtime mania reached its peak in all elements of music: popular dance, theater, and movie music. Scott Joplin was a young black man that mastered and polish this subtle art. Born in Texarkana, Texas on November 29, 1868, Scott became facinated with the piano at an early age and was mentored by a old german teacher that took him in as a pupil. Scotts style of piano playing stress his smooth singing tone and subtle sense of rhythm. Scott has the tendency to turn melodic lines into delicate and but simple notes. Generally all of his pieces share the customary ragtime layout and composition of a pair of contrasting lines, each repeated and followed by the return to the first line, then a new section consisting of two or three repeated lines emerge and is usually subdominant. In Scotts piece the Magnetic Rag. The reappearance of the orginal theme at the close of the piece, shares a shocking likeness to Beethovens famous reoccuring I am Death Theme. In the Magnetic Rag, the return of the opening theme at the end of the piece creates a rondo-like structure with a scheme ABCDA, with the outer A section and the central C section stands in tonal harmony. This can be compared to his other famous pieces of work Maple Leaf Rag and The Entertainer which all exercise the reappearing theme that shows a tendency to round out by always returning to the home key. Magnetic Rag was the last piece that Scott completed. It was subtitled : syncopation classiques because of his wonderful blend of syncopation on every up-beat and mad-cow improvisations tailored to sound like European dance music that influenced early ragtime.

Top 5 Lucrative Tech Careers You Should Consider

Top 5 Lucrative Tech Careers You Should Consider don’t let the prospect of tedious, isolated computer work dissuade you from exploring careers in it- there are more engaging and compelling options to consider! take a look at this list from aftercollege’s joy miller.   big data scientistas the name implies, this is the big-picture approach to data analysis- you’d be responsible for developing programs and systems to house and investigate data. your ingenuity and creativity will help you identify trends and insightful conclusions, solve problems, and propose areas for growth or company innovation.these positions can pay as much as $188,000 annually, so it’s worth the time and labor-intensive demands of the gig.  computer forensic investigatormake the most of your interest in law enforcement and pursue a bachelor’s degree in computer forensics, information security, or cyber security- you can even get a certification from a computer examiner board. with it, you can help law enforcement and invest igative agencies solve crimes and testify at trial. average salaries can run to $91k.  geospatial analysteven bigger than big data is an analyst that works with global geography and modern technology. where are people living and working and moving, what models can help us predict or analyze their behavior, and what technological resources can help accommodate and address their needs?certifications in geospatial intelligence analytics, cartography, or related fields can help you earn as much as $74k.  software engineerif your degree is in software engineering, computer science, or a related field, chances are you already know about the countless opportunities available to people who can design games, create apps, and write code. whether you find an in-office gig or stay flexible as a freelancing contractor, you could potentially stand to earn as much as $93k.  it consultantthe classic it gig involves finding a company where you’d like to work- based on their products, th eir mission statement, or even just the team you’d get to work with, from a start-up to a massive corporation- and getting your foot in the door. whether you take the late shift or the daily grind, you may earn as much as $94k.

Madison square garden new york Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Madison square garden new york - Essay Example This paper illustrates different aspects of the Garden along with a speculation of how such a sporting venue would be, if it was to be built today. The Garden was first completed at a cost of $3,000,000 in 1890 and underwent three major renovations thereafter. The sports culture and civilization that was prevalent in the New York City in the 1890’s and 1900’s shaped the Garden to emerge into a predominant sports venue. The Madison Square Garden (known as Madison Square Garden I) was located at the 26th Street and Madison Avenue. With a seating capacity of 10,000, the Garden was reopened to the public on May 31, 1879. The facility had a track cycling arena, and served as the venue for other popular sports such as boxing matches and circuses. The Garden I was also the first in the country to have an indoor rink. In 1890, the Madison Square Garden I was shut down. The Madison Square Garden II was designed by Mr. Stanford White, a member of the architecture firm McKim, Mead and White. The Garden II was also located at 26th and Madison Avenue. Built on Moorish architecture, the building measured 200 feet by 485 feet with 32 stories soaring over Madison Square Park, making it the second tallest building in the city then. The Gardens main hall had a seating capacity of 8,000 people. The Madison Square Garden II was replaced by the Madison Square Garden III in 1925. The Garden also temporarily held the Diana sculpture (Encyclopedia of New York City) (see fig. 1) designed by Augustus Saint-Gaudens. The Madison Square Garden III was located on 50th Street and Eighth Avenue, and had a seating capacity of 18,496. Built by Tex Rickard, a boxing promoter, the Garden III was in focus for the Barnum & bailey Circus and the Ringling Bros. The arena also hosted ice hockey, basket ball, boxing matches, and other different events. The Garden III was closed in 1967 mainly because of problems such as ventilation and poor lighting. Until

Student Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Student Interview - Essay Example The class was interestng even if it involves math heavily. Perhaps it is because the examples that were used by the professor was about everyday life like how much your $1,000 will be worth after 5 years. The approach and method of teaching was also clear because I was able to understand it even if I did not belong in that class. With the professor’s approach in teaching, I think anyone will be able to get it for as long as they have taken their algebra. The way I see it, the class requires minimal reading but instead requires a lot of analysis and critical thinking. In my opinion, a student can even pass the class without reading for as long as he or she pays attention to the lecture of the teacher. It involves understanding of the problem and problem solving exercises for the student to get a hang of it. I asked my friend what he think of the class and his other class at Taylor as well. He replied that class was pretty easy because the lecture was clear for as long as a student don’t miss classes. He says that difficulty only arise when a students absents from the class because the next lesson will become greek to him or her. And that is time he or she has to read and I doubt if one can really get the lesson from the book because its not clear there and you cannot ask question. When I asked what he meant by that, he explained that almost all of the lessons were linked together, like the previous lesson a requisite to understand the next lesson. He furhter explained that unlike this class that does not require reading, other classes requires paper works in addition to classroom exercises. I asked him if he was able to manage, he replied in the affirmative. He gave me a â€Å"survival tip† on how to handle the rigor of academic requirement at Taylor so taht I will not have hard time. He told me just to get back at my lesson regularly that way I’m updated.

Film Analyzing Instructions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Film Analyzing Instructions - Essay Example The paper "Film Analyzing Instructions" shows film analyzing instructions. According to Jaikisham, a proper film critic must know how to elucidate why a film work or doesn’t work by looking beyond the noticeable rudiments added to sell a film to the spectators. In allowing viewers to experience the story on various levels you’ve got to analyze the specific details. Seize your note book, skull to the theater, and get ready to enter the world of film critic. Study some of these professional tips on how to analyze a film and determine the fine nuances which a lot of people miss out. This is because a glass maybe half empty or half full. Therefore it is all a substance of perception. Luckily or unluckily an excellent moviemaker does not habitually share the perspective of the audience. Hence, it is vital that one value is the importance of another’s view point. Additionally, if you are watching any film with your family or friends, it is essential that you take note of the things which an untailored film typically does and this forms origin for all your opinions about a film in the end. There is copiousness of things about a film which can be dissected to get the preeminent picture on what a film is all about. Cinema can be interpreted in many different ways and each of them is correct. The following tips are essentially important in analyzing movies. This is very important as this shows how relevant a film is for the recent time. Is it just for entertainment or is it momentous cinema?

Theories and models of change management

Theories and models of change management Nothing in this world is at the state of constant static. Everything is changing. Likewise, organisations are also changing all the time. If we look few decades back things have changed a lot. Change neither disappears nor dissipates. It is a process which is inevitable. What is important is how we manage the change to get the best out of it. Change is the major driving force for a company to be innovative and experiment with new management styles and tools. Changes can bring fortune in the company with improved profit margins and satisfied employees provided that the changes are handled properly with appropriate management strategies, however, if the organisations fails to come across the appropriate and effective management strategies then it can affect the company badly and at worst even collapsing or bankruptcy. So, the changes that an organisation face has to be planned, organised, directed, controlled and channelled effectively. This requires a good leadership quality in the le ader whoever that might be. Leaders can be CEO, Mangers, Chairperson or Board of Directors depending on the organisation. There are many management thinkers at different times who have proposed many different theories and model regarding the nature of change management and how to manage the changes effectively for better of the organisations. The next section of this essay will look at the different management thinkers and their management theories and models and their relevance with the changing business environment and how it is crucial for an organisation to undergo changes for its prosperity and progress. One of the first and most popular theories of change management was given by Kurt Lewin (1890-1947). Lewins model is rather simple however other change management theories are based on this model. Lewins model of change is divided into three stages of unfreeze, change and freeze referring 3 stages of changes The first step in the change in the behaviour is to unfreeze the existing situation which is also called quo state which is the equilibrium state. Unfreezing of the quo state is very important to break the resistance from the change. It can be done with either increasing driving forces away from the quo state or decrease the restraining forces that negatively affects the movement away from the equilibrium or use the both method .(Stephen, 2003) The second step which is the change stage is the movement where all the changes happen. This movement can be facilitated with by persuading the employees to agree on the changes, telling them the benefits of the changes and making them sure that everybody has to work together to get the best out of the changes and show them new perspectives.(Stephen, 2003) The third step is the freezing stage which is the step after the change has been implemented. This stage of the change is required for the changes to stick over time. Sustainability is very important when new changes have been made. The new changes have to be properly institutionalised and formally accepted by all. The actual integration of the new changes takes place in this unfreeze stage. (Stephen, 2003) According to Lewin (1951) driving forces facilitate change because they push employees in the desired direction. Restraining forces hinder change because they push employees in the opposite direction. Therefore, these forces must be analyzed and Lewins three-step model can help shift the balance in the direction of the planned change. Changes are very crucial since changes makes new and improved ideas to implement into action possible. (Kanter, R. et al. 1992) After Lewins model many other writers upgraded his theory making it more effective however the fundamental aspects were still there. One of the most popular model of change management is Kotters eight step model (Kotter, 1995). According to Kotter, successful implementation of change depends on the eight steps as proposed by him. Skipping any one of the eight steps might create illusion of speeding of the process but it does not improve the effectiveness of change.(Singh,1963) His eight steps include the following steps: Create a sense of urgency: This step includes analysing the market and examining the possible risks and opportunities along with the competition in the market. (Kotter,1996) Establishing the powerful group to guide the change: This step is to create a group which is capable to handle the changes and has enough power to lead the effort. The group should be encouraged to work as a team. (Kotter,1996) Develop a vision: This stage includes creating a proper vision of change in the organisation. Apart from this the change should be highly focused and should be in rather simple form so that everyone understands and accepts. (Kotter,1996) Communicate the vision : The vision that has been proposed has to be delivered or explained to everyone. A good communication of the vision is very important. (Kotter,1996) Empower staff: The next step is empowering the staffs. This step includes removing hurdles in the change and encouraging new and unconventional ideas and ways of doing things. (Kotter,1996) Ensure there are short terms win: It is very important to keep the staffs motivated. Short term wins help the staffs to remain motivated. This also helps the support needed for the change. (Kotter,1996) Consolidate gains: Organisation should check the policies that inhibit or restrain the changes and if there are any, they should be changed. The policies that catalyse the changes should be brought in to action to speed up the change and efficiency. (Kotter,1996) Institutionalise the change in the culture of the organisation: the changes that have been made should be institutionalised or embedded in the organisation as a culture and should be linked with the performance and leadership. (Kotter,1996) The first four steps of Kotters eight model act as a defroster a hardened equilibrium. Stages five to seven is the introduction of many new changes. It resembles with the change phase in the Lewins model. The last phase grounds the changes that have been made into the business or organisation culture. The success and improvement of the organisation depends on the proper follow of the sequence. ( Kotter,1996) The next change management model is the ADKAR model proposed by Jeffery M Hait (2006). ADKAR is basically a framework to understand change in the individual level which was later used in the field of business and management. It comprises of five elements which are Awareness (of the need of change), Desire ( to support and participate in the change), Knowledge( of how to change), Ability( to implement required skills and behaviours) and Reinforcement( to sustain the change). (Hait,2006) Awareness represents the understanding of the need of the change along with the nature and the affects of not going through the change. (Haitt,2006) Desire represents the desire to participate in the change. Even though desire is much more about the personal choice, it can be created with the intrinsic environment. There are many factors that create desire in the individual about the changes. (Haitt,2006) Knowledge is the basically the trainings and information access about how to change. Knowledge is very important as it is very necessary to have trainings and information access to implement the change. (Haitt,2006) Ability shows the actual implementation of the change at the required pace. It also represents the conversion for knowledge into action. How well the changes have been executed depends on the ability of the group or an individual. (Haitt,2006) Reinforcement represents the sustainability of the change. Sustainability depends on both the intrinsic and extrinsic factors. External factors include recognition, rewards and celebrations that are tied to the realisation of the change. The internal factor is the sense of achievement among the individuals regarding the change.(Haitt,2006) The ADKAR model is in very much sequential manner. It clearly represents how an individual experiences change. Desire cannot come before awareness because desires are only triggered when we are aware, similarly knowledge cannot come before desire as we do not seek for the knowledge before we have desire for it and similarly ability and reinforcement. (Haitt,2006) Having discussed the models of change management it is very important to know that these models were not created just for the sake of creating. Their implications have been highly beneficial in the real context. It is very important to realise that the importance of the change in the corporate society. Technological innovations and globalisation has made this world a much smaller place. Changing according to the changing world is necessary otherwise you just lag behind and can become very hard to get along all over again. To survive and prosper organisations must adopt strategies that realistically reflect their ability to manage multiple future scenarios. ( Paton, McCalman,2000) Business and managers are now faced with ever more complex and high dynamic operating environments than before. If we take a real life example then we can see that the car companies nowadays not only manufacture cars these days but they do much more than just do the manufacturing. They are involved in how to distribute them more widely and how to get more market share and manufacturing more diverse range of cars. Another real life example is the example of BRITISH AIRWAYS. Back in 1981 BRITISH AIRWAYS appointed a new chairperson. When he was appointed the company was very inefficient and wasnt properly utilising the resources. He then made a lot of changes in the company and restructured the whole company. For this he first analysed and realised that the company needed a lot of changes to gain more profit margins and he did so through change management methodology. Then he analysed the areas for the change. The company then systematically reduced the staffs. However, before doing this, through his change management leadership, he let the company know about the need for change to prepare them for the upcoming changes and the benefits behind it. He was able to let the company know about the changes about to happen which shows a good communication and was able to direct the company to prosperity and success. Change as we already said is inevitable and no one can escape the change. The fear of adjusting into new changes and risks that brings along with it is the reason that restrains the change. Having said that change is one of the most important parts of the growth. There can never be development and growth without change. Thats why different writers and management thinkers have published different theories and model to analyse the mechanism of change so as to better understand the change. These theories work as a testimony to the fact that the change is a real phenomenon and can be analyzed through different steps and methods. As I have discussed three models of change management in this essay, each model follows the same basic fundamental framework of the mechanism of change. However, each model has a different way of looking at the things. Lewins model is rather simple which sees change into 3 stages resembling it to the stages before the change, during the change and after the change. Lewins model is more of a generalised model. So, Lewins model of change exhibits the forces that either increase or restrain the changes. To sum up, when the combined strength of one force is greater than the combined strength of the restraining forces, then the change is more likely to happen. (Stephen, 2003) It also says what the factors are that we have to consider during the process of change. Kotters eight model theory sees the change phenomenon into eight different stages. Kotter has defined the change process into many different stages which gives us a more clear idea of how change happens and how a company succeed through change. Kotters model describes how market analysis creates the need of changes and how the changes have to be well communicated to the member of staffs to motivate them for the change. The next theory ADKAR sees change more from individualistic point rather than the change itself. ADKAR says that the staffs have to be aware about the need of change which creates desire for the change. Knowledge increases the ability to cope with the changes and reinforcement stabilises the changes. ADKAR basically cover all the major aspects of change. These three models of changes have a very good implication in the real world. Lewins model being rather simple might not be appropriate for the current change in the business world however the fundamental aspect of change is there. Kotters eight model and ADKAR are quite similar. Kotters model focus more on the change itself however ADKAR focuses on the individual level. I feel that Kotters model covers almost all the aspects of the change. It not only tells about the need of change but also how the changes have to be implemented. It talks about the communication and encouraging each other to work as a team. Apart from this it also says about empowering staffs which is very important and also the motivating factors like short term win makes this model much more applicable for all kinds of institutions and more reliable. With the end of my literature review I would like to research further on the topic: Importance of change for a prosperous future.

Periodical Review Of Human Com :: essays research papers

This is a review of Human Communications Research (HCR) journal. It is published quarterly beginning in September (Fall) and ending in June (Summer). The review being done is on Volume 22, which extends from September 1995 to June 1996. The journal takes a behavioral science perspective in its research of human communications. Research areas include Interpersonal, organizational, mass communication, methodology, information systems and persuasion. HCR is a periodical that recognizes that the world is constantly evolving and that communications research must do the same in order to develop a more clear understanding of the important issues and situational demands that are at hand. In maintaining this approach, HCR focuses on exploring new research areas as well as taking a more theoretical approach. They are also trying to acknowledge more international research studies. Methodologically speaking, they seem to remain open to possibilities and try to promote discussion through their ac ceptance of articles. The new senior editor Cindy Gallois, in her editorial best describes the general direction and intent of HCR. One of the main goals is to encourage diversity so that HCR will have something of interest for every reader. She also says that HCR is moving with a general trend that is away from the databased research studies towards more theory-based research and rigorous interpretations of results. Although they are trying to increase the variety of topics, they are still maintaining a behavioral science approach to communications. Gallois also welcomes the expansion of methods on research and is a firm believer in the idea that a good researcher is one that is capable of choosing the approach and methodology that best fit the research question. It is also her belief that HCR will develop more of an international flavor because the present volume marks the first time it has been edited by a non-U.S. resident. This will allow for a greater recognition of the active communication research studies being done in many countries. Upon review of articles in HCR, I found quite few having similar topics. These included: Communication in the workplace, persuasion, deception, and communication support systems. These topics all deal with important aspects of human communication and are consistent with what is trying to be achieved by HCR. The intent of this journal is to improve human communication in areas that it would be widely useful consistent with the changing world. By researching different perspectives of issues, HCR hopes to get a better understanding of what the obstacles have previously been in order to try and improve communication relationships.